| Official Name |
|---|
| Xanthine dehydrogenase.
|
| Alternative Name(s) |
|---|
| NAD-xanthine dehydrogenase. |
| Xanthine oxidoreductase. |
| Xanthine-NAD oxidoreductase. |
| Xanthine/NAD(+) oxidoreductase. |
| Reaction catalysed |
|---|
|
| Cofactor(s) |
|---|
| FAD; Iron-sulfur; Molybdenum.
|
| Comment(s) |
|---|
- Acts on a variety of purines and aldehydes, including hypoxanthine.
- The animal enzyme can be interconverted to EC 1.17.3.2 (the oxidase
form).
- That from liver exists in vivo mainly in the dehydrogenase form,
but can be converted into EC 1.17.3.2 by storage at -20 degrees
Celsius, by treatment with proteolytic agents or organic solvents,
or by thiol reagents such as Cu(2+), N-ethylmaleamide or
4-hydroxymercuribenzoate.
- The effect of thiol reagents can be reversed by thiols such as 1,4-
dithioerythritol.
- This enzyme can also be converted into EC 1.17.3.2 by EC 1.8.4.7 in
the presence of glutathione disulfide.
- In other animal tissues, the enzyme exists almost entirely as
EC 1.17.3.2, but can be converted into the dehydrogenase form by 1,4-
dithioerythritol.
- Formerly EC 1.2.1.37 and EC 1.1.1.204.
|
| Cross-references |
|---|
| PROSITE | PDOC00484 |
| BRENDA | 1.17.1.4 |
| PUMA2 | 1.17.1.4 |
| PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles | 1.17.1.4 |
| KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature | 1.17.1.4 |
| IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature | 1.17.1.4 |
| IntEnz | 1.17.1.4 |
| MEDLINE | Find literature relating to 1.17.1.4 |
| MetaCyc | 1.17.1.4 |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| O32147, XDHA_BACSU; | Q8X6C7, XDHA_ECO57; | Q46799, XDHA_ECOLI; |
| Q8X6C5, XDHB_ECO57; | Q46800, XDHB_ECOLI; | O32145, XDHC_BACSU; |
| O32144, XDHD_BACSU; | O32143, XDHE_BACSU; | P80457, XDH_BOVIN; |
| P08793, XDH_CALVI; | P47990, XDH_CHICK; | Q54FB7, XDH_DICDI; |
| P10351, XDH_DROME; | P22811, XDH_DROPS; | P91711, XDH_DROSU; |
| Q12553, XDH_EMENI; | Q9MYW6, XDH_FELCA; | P47989, XDH_HUMAN; |
| Q00519, XDH_MOUSE; | P22985, XDH_RAT; | Q8X6J4, YAGR_ECO57; |
| P77489, YAGR_ECOLI; | Q8X6J0, YAGS_ECO57; | P77324, YAGS_ECOLI; |
|
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